口腔卫生从娃娃抓起
今天让我当一回科普知识的搬运工,本文章内容、图片来源于网络平台的科普文章。
奶瓶龋:一种由婴幼儿睡前喝奶或睡眠时不断吸吮奶瓶而造成的龋齿,医学上称为奶瓶龋(又称哺乳龋),睡着时因口水分泌较少,牙齿在酸性环境中浸泡一整晚,造成牙齿脱钙>表层釉质剥脱>黄褐色蛀牙。表现为上颌乳切牙(即门牙)的唇侧面,及邻面的大面积龋坏,牙齿患龋病后不能自愈(即不能再长好)。严重的奶瓶龋会引起牙齿疼痛,颜面部肿痛,饮食困难,影响生长发育,外观,恒牙发育,萌出,咬合异常。由于乳牙的钙化程度低,因此患龋后病情进展迅速,破坏面积广,并且治疗效果差。因此积极预防是非常重要的。
牙菌斑(又称牙垢)是在牙齿表面逐渐沉积的生物薄膜。由食物残渣、脱落的口腔上皮细胞、唾液和细菌构成。牙菌斑中的细菌主要是正常口腔内存在的链球菌、厌氧菌等。牙菌斑堆积到一定厚度之后,其内部紧挨牙齿表面的细菌因为与空气隔绝开始转入无氧呼吸。无氧呼吸在此处产生的酸不能及时被唾液冲走,因此会腐蚀珐琅质中的矿物成分,并进一步促进龋齿的形成。在牙根处堆积的牙菌斑也会刺激牙龈,导致牙周炎等牙周疾病(牙周病:牙龈出血,萎缩,口臭,化脓,牙槽骨吸收,牙齿感觉无力、酸,出现缝隙,松动,脱落)。预防牙周病最有效的方法就是认真刷牙,用牙线,家长还有责任定期带孩子去医院洗牙检查,做好预防,这个才是关键!
小小宝宝有牙就应该给刷牙,并且用牙线,3-6个月涂一次氟,半年检查及洗一次牙。用软毛小牙刷,不建议用指套牙刷。尽量减少夜奶或者戒掉夜奶习惯,喂奶后应该用湿纱布擦干净牙齿。不躺着喝奶瓶,喝果汁不能小口一直抿着喝,这样牙齿一直泡在果汁里,容易患龋,如果喝就快喝,喝后漱口。
宝宝在逐渐长大,几个训练宝宝已经习惯刷牙,牙线,也习惯了牙膏的味道。这个时候就可以开始用牙刷蘸牙膏刷牙了,开始可以不用牙膏刷,刷干净后再蘸牙膏快速涂一遍牙齿里里外外,齐活儿。尽量让行宝宝吐出来,如果吞咽可以忽略不计(因为那个量是安全的)
应选用小孩专用的儿童牙刷和含氟的儿童牙膏(氟含量较一般牙膏低)。
![](https://storage.360buyimg.com/jdhhealth-public/laputa/ecf107fd-0a2f-4dfb-8681-590f62deed9a.png)
![口腔溃疡](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/142301/16/25925/50467/6172b34dE943fbd35/475355a28fbc483a.jpg)
口腔溃疡
![常丽媛](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/83301/15/19171/52991/6282fbd5E3e8d77b6/dd8f4318e6e9a07b.jpg)
![爱护我们的口腔,从刷牙开始](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/128659/22/19338/4899/5fb7a9bcE7988b41d/3ff3d74c0d7c925d.jpg)
爱护我们的口腔,从刷牙开始
![手护妈妈](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/133390/22/11950/517651/5f7fe6e3Eeeda440d/9298484059ba3dd2.jpg)
![防治宝宝腹泻 从生活细节做起](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/126861/10/16892/125804/5f9bddb8Eeb053b8b/3e87e2cefca21e71.jpg)
防治宝宝腹泻 从生活细节做起
![儿科医生沈振宇](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/128378/40/13496/926500/5f6c0a64E09af6f3d/f56bb9ed5469a981.jpg)
![宝宝牙齿护理的那点小事儿](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/136167/16/13885/11819/5f991f69Ec27de667/17692ca5d641b270.jpg)
宝宝牙齿护理的那点小事儿
![京东健康](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/191562/21/17782/12127/61124c3eEcc43fd7d/853f1c8f76567691.jpg)
![儿童乳牙健康分享(三)](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/162236/24/23109/148773/6183c8a1E892f0999/62b6ff6d0e7addc6.jpg)
儿童乳牙健康分享(三)
![常丽媛](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/83301/15/19171/52991/6282fbd5E3e8d77b6/dd8f4318e6e9a07b.jpg)
![看过来,婴儿臀部口腔护理盘点!](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/193190/10/4980/8206/60ae6565Ef1a2da4b/06110fc3c27e93f2.jpg)
看过来,婴儿臀部口腔护理盘点!
![静静医生](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/125452/13/15272/58443/5f8aa4c7E5f2d23f6/10b4b945f11f589b.jpg)
![唇裂宝宝的日常护理你知道么](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/213480/14/608/123109/616aa1f2E46594d07/b887fa6ac0bb90eb.jpg)
唇裂宝宝的日常护理你知道么
![手护妈妈](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/133390/22/11950/517651/5f7fe6e3Eeeda440d/9298484059ba3dd2.jpg)
![牙齿里的这种“石头”不好惹,做好这3点,轻松去除它](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/139596/10/6776/387107/5f464f2fEc11fdb5a/ffb73519cba879a6.jpg)
牙齿里的这种“石头”不好惹,做好这3点,轻松去除它
![京东健康](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/191562/21/17782/12127/61124c3eEcc43fd7d/853f1c8f76567691.jpg)
![牙龈萎缩都有哪些症状表现呢?](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/214969/25/6872/100657/61ac3fa7E3aff5c37/fa9235a0e00375ba.jpg)
牙龈萎缩都有哪些症状表现呢?
![脊柱康复陈医生](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/161670/12/19939/9957/607e2a13E8af9ecda/adec62d07747e204.jpg)
![牙齿发麻是什么病的征兆呢?](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/235815/28/221/100753/6530d028F78aa1597/99485970e21075b4.jpg)
牙齿发麻是什么病的征兆呢?
![医联媒体](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/107391/33/46334/41563/6509b257F51c30e5e/12cd7031338c9328.jpg)
![长期磨牙是什么原因引起的](https://img14.360buyimg.com/imagetools/jfs/t1/188961/1/44914/13526/664df7c8F6e09623d/c595d1c86d9fda1a.jpg)
长期磨牙是什么原因引起的
![青少年牙周炎的饮食注意事项](https://img14.360buyimg.com/imagetools/jfs/t1/188961/1/44914/13526/664df7c8F6e09623d/c595d1c86d9fda1a.jpg)
青少年牙周炎的饮食注意事项
![内蒙古包头市牙周科:地包天矫正之路,从线上问诊开始](https://img14.360buyimg.com/imagetools/jfs/t1/188961/1/44914/13526/664df7c8F6e09623d/c595d1c86d9fda1a.jpg)
内蒙古包头市牙周科:地包天矫正之路,从线上问诊开始
![福建厦门,牙周病患者的线上求医之路](https://img14.360buyimg.com/imagetools/jfs/t1/188961/1/44914/13526/664df7c8F6e09623d/c595d1c86d9fda1a.jpg)
福建厦门,牙周病患者的线上求医之路
![小心牙齿也会得冬季“流感”](https://img14.360buyimg.com/imagetools/jfs/t1/188961/1/44914/13526/664df7c8F6e09623d/c595d1c86d9fda1a.jpg)
小心牙齿也会得冬季“流感”
![总塞牙?还口臭?是这些疾病惹的祸!](https://img14.360buyimg.com/imagetools/jfs/t1/188961/1/44914/13526/664df7c8F6e09623d/c595d1c86d9fda1a.jpg)
总塞牙?还口臭?是这些疾病惹的祸!
![人工牛黄甲硝唑胶囊多久见效](https://img14.360buyimg.com/imagetools/jfs/t1/188961/1/44914/13526/664df7c8F6e09623d/c595d1c86d9fda1a.jpg)
人工牛黄甲硝唑胶囊多久见效
![牙齿矫正美化脸型是错误认识](https://img14.360buyimg.com/imagetools/jfs/t1/188961/1/44914/13526/664df7c8F6e09623d/c595d1c86d9fda1a.jpg)
牙齿矫正美化脸型是错误认识
![洗牙后马上补牙好吗](https://img14.360buyimg.com/imagetools/jfs/t1/188961/1/44914/13526/664df7c8F6e09623d/c595d1c86d9fda1a.jpg)
洗牙后马上补牙好吗
![牙齿护理常识知多少](https://img14.360buyimg.com/imagetools/jfs/t1/188961/1/44914/13526/664df7c8F6e09623d/c595d1c86d9fda1a.jpg)
牙齿护理常识知多少
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