小时候最爱吃的菜,竟然是治疗白带疾病的良药!
农民在种玉米的时候,时常会在地里套种些蔬菜,比如豇豆等。每次回老家,赶上夏秋季,基本上吃的蔬菜都来自玉米地。套种的蔬菜很好吃,因为不用打农药,所以是绝对的绿色。扁豆一般都会长在地头,因为这种植物太能长,一棵扁豆就轻易能把一片玉米弄绝收了。夏季把扁豆摘了,晒干后存放,冬天炖肉,这是最喜欢吃的一道菜。
扁豆属于豆科菜豆族扁豆属植物,广泛分布于中国各地。有学者认为扁豆原产于印度,今天世界各热带地区均有栽培。扁豆很好种植,只需在田间撒上几颗种子,下一下雨就会长出好多。有一首诗写道:“庭下秋风草欲平,年饥种豆绿成萌,白花青蔓高于屋,夜夜寒虫金石声。”扁豆不怕热,但是怕冷,打霜后就能冻死。
扁豆分为白色和红色两种,白扁豆和扁豆花均入药。白扁豆是常用药,秋、冬二季采收成熟果实,晒干,取出种子,再晒干直接或者炒后用。白扁豆甘,微温。归脾、胃经。具有健脾化湿,和中消暑的作用。经常用于治疗脾胃虚弱,食欲不振,大便溏泻,白带过多,暑湿吐泻,胸闷腹胀等病症。炒扁豆则能健脾化湿。用于脾虚泄泻,白带过多。
临床上我比较喜欢用炒白扁豆治疗妇女带下病,取其健脾化湿的作用。李时珍认为:硬壳白扁豆,其子充实,白而微黄,其气腥香,其性温平,得乎中和,脾之谷地。入太阳气分,通利三焦,能化清降浊,故专治中宫病。白带过多的女性也可以用白扁豆熬粥服用。
(附:白扁豆,一种农作物,可晒干,炒后可食用。原产印度、印度尼西亚等热带地区,约在汉晋间引入我国。秋、冬二季采收成熟果实,晒干,取出种子,再晒干。种子扁椭圆形或扁卵圆形,表面淡苋白色或淡黄色,平滑,略有光泽,一侧边缘有隆起的白色半月形种阜。气微,味淡,嚼之有豆腥味。
白扁豆一身都是宝,它的果皮(扁豆衣)、花、叶均可入药。扁豆衣能健脾、化湿,用于治疗痢疾、腹泻、脚气、浮肿等;扁豆花能解暑化湿、和中健脾,用于治疗夏伤暑湿、发热、泄泻、痢疾、赤白带下、跌打伤肿等;扁豆叶能消暑利湿、解毒消肿,用于治疗暑湿吐泻、疮疖肿毒、蛇虫咬伤等症。)
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