张宇

关注老年健康，远离带状疱疹<p class="article-img"> <img src="https://m.360buyimg.com/pop/jfs/t1/216793/28/33377/91447/64cf014eFe89d407c/ebbfaa6968119295.jpg" style="width: 100.0%;height: auto;" /></p> <p>2023年7月24日-7月28日是全国老年健康宣传周，让我们一起来关注老年人群的健康问题。人体和机器一样，随着年龄增长，会慢慢出现“操作有些不灵敏”的情况，甚至“生锈损坏”。人体是由细胞、组织或器官组成的，那么细胞、组织和器官的老化引起人体的衰老，免疫系统也不例外。免疫系统的老化导致免疫失调，即“免疫衰老”，使老年人对病原体感染抵抗力减弱。而免疫衰老引发的感染性疾病，第一个想到的疾病就是带状疱疹了。</p> <p>在门诊时常常会被患者询问：带状疱疹会为什么找上我？为什么会多次发病？等这样的问题，那么带状疱疹是一个什么样的疾病呢？免疫和感染之间又有什么联系呢？</p> <p>其实带状疱疹是比较常见的病毒感染性疾病。它是由水痘-带状疱疹病毒感染引起的急性感染性皮肤病。病毒在进入人体后可长期潜伏在脊髓后根神经节的神经元内，当机体免疫力下降时，病毒可大量地生长繁殖，并沿着神经纤维移至皮肤，进而出现红斑、丘疹，水疱等症状。如果不及时治疗，在皮疹恢复后还会出现神经痛，被称为带状疱疹后遗症。而且特殊人群身体免疫力下降时还会复发。</p> <p class="article-img"> <img src="https://m.360buyimg.com/pop/jfs/t1/214329/37/34718/17139/64cf0279F201a8d85/07755a5b123a9414.jpg" style="width: 100.0%;height: auto;" /></p> <p> </p> <p class="article-img"> <img src="https://m.360buyimg.com/pop/jfs/t1/102834/2/42131/13254/64cf025cFce7117de/426ad8aca2589035.jpg" style="width: 100.0%;height: auto;" /></p> <p class="s9" style="margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;line-height: 1.2;text-align: justify;color: rgb(0,0,0);"> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">哪些人群更易出现带状疱疹或复发</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">？</span></span></p> <p class="s9" style="margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;line-height: 1.2;text-align: justify;color: rgb(0,0,0);"> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">         </span></span></p> <p class="s9" style="margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;line-height: 1.2;text-align: justify;color: rgb(0,0,0);"> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">①</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">老年人群</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">；</span></span></p> <p class="s9" style="margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;line-height: 1.2;text-align: justify;color: rgb(0,0,0);"> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">         </span></span></p> <p class="s9" style="margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;line-height: 1.2;text-align: justify;color: rgb(0,0,0);"> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">②</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">免疫相关疾病</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">、</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">如</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">肿瘤、慢性肾炎、血液病、糖尿病</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">、</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">慢性感性性疾病</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">、</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">器官移植</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">、</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">银屑病接受生物制剂治疗</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">、</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">长期服用激素</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">、</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">免疫抑制剂</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">等</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">的患者</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">；</span></span></p> <p class="s9" style="margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;line-height: 1.2;text-align: justify;color: rgb(0,0,0);"> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">       </span></span></p> <p class="s9" style="margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;line-height: 1.2;text-align: justify;color: rgb(0,0,0);"> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">③</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">免疫紊乱的</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">健康人群，在熬夜、劳累、</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">着凉</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">、</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">精神压力等因素</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">作用下</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">免疫力暂时性下降时也可以出现带状疱疹。</span></span></p> <p class="s9" style="margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;line-height: 1.2;text-align: justify;color: rgb(0,0,0);"> <span class="s7" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">       </span></span></p> <p class="s9" style="margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;line-height: 1.2;text-align: justify;color: rgb(0,0,0);"> <span class="s7" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">随着我国步入中度老龄社会，健康老龄化如何“跑赢”人口老龄化，成为全社会关心的重要话题。我国老年人“带病共存”现象较为普遍，而免疫衰老</span></span> <span class="s7" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">正</span></span> <span class="s7" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">是引起多种疾病的</span></span> <span class="s7" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">危险</span></span> <span class="s7" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">因素。</span></span></p> <p class="article-img"> <img src="https://m.360buyimg.com/pop/jfs/t1/184678/35/35708/15779/64cf02f5F7c723483/18f703bef3cfce5f.jpg" style="width: 100.0%;height: auto;" /> <span class="s7" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">衰老是一个不可避免的生理过程</span></span> <span class="s7" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">，</span></span> <span class="s7" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">那在衰老过程中我们怎么从容面对</span></span> <span class="s7" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">？</span></span></p> <p class="s8" style="margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;line-height: 21.6px;text-align: justify;color: rgb(0,0,0);"> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">①</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">适当锻炼</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">：越来越多的证据证明运动可以逆转免疫衰老的某些特征，比如体育锻炼可以将老化的T细胞从外周组织转移到血液，在血液中通过凋亡作用</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">将其</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">清除，从而留出更多的空间给功能</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">正常的</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">T细胞</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">。</span></span></p> <p class="s8" style="margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;line-height: 21.6px;text-align: justify;color: rgb(0,0,0);"> </p> <p class="s8" style="margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;line-height: 21.6px;text-align: justify;color: rgb(0,0,0);"> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">②</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">保证</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">规律的睡眠</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">、</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">健康的作息</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">也与更好的免疫反应相关；</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">③</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">健康的饮食习惯可以建立免疫稳态</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">。</span></span></p> <p class="s8" style="margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;line-height: 21.6px;text-align: justify;color: rgb(0,0,0);"> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;"> <br /></span></span></p> <p class="article-img"> <img src="https://m.360buyimg.com/pop/jfs/t1/221971/25/23180/54277/64cf035aF368afa39/7ef85af362553552.jpg" style="width: 100.0%;height: auto;" /></p> <p> </p> <p class="article-img"> <img src="https://m.360buyimg.com/pop/jfs/t1/179492/34/35544/16592/64cf0361Fbcd5f4cb/c9d17fb32de6f9d2.jpg" style="width: 100.0%;height: auto;" /></p> <p> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0,0,0);text-align: justify;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">         </span></span></p> <p> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0,0,0);text-align: justify;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">老年人群高发感染性疾病</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0,0,0);text-align: justify;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">，</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0,0,0);text-align: justify;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">接种疫苗</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0,0,0);text-align: justify;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">在预防感染方面发挥着重大作用，</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0,0,0);text-align: justify;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">例如重组带状疱疹疫苗</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0,0,0);text-align: justify;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">可以明显降低感染的发生率</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0,0,0);text-align: justify;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">，</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0,0,0);text-align: justify;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">接种</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0,0,0);text-align: justify;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">高剂量疫苗</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0,0,0);text-align: justify;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">和</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0,0,0);text-align: justify;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">佐剂以提高疫苗的特异性免疫</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0,0,0);text-align: justify;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">应答</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0,0,0);text-align: justify;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">，可以实现</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0,0,0);text-align: justify;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">强效和持久的</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0,0,0);text-align: justify;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">保护效力</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0,0,0);text-align: justify;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">，</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0,0,0);text-align: justify;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">使老年人远离带状疱疹和带状疱疹</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0,0,0);text-align: justify;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">神经痛的困扰</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0,0,0);text-align: justify;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">，</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0,0,0);text-align: justify;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">享有一个健康的老年生活</span></span> <span class="s6" style="line-height: 12.0px;font-size: 10.0px;font-family: Calibri;color: rgb(0,0,0);text-align: justify;"> <span class="bumpedFont20" style="line-height: 24.0px;font-size: 2.0em;">。</span></span></p>

【健康科普】老年特应性皮炎科普<p>老年特应性皮炎的诊断和鉴别诊断</p> <p>特应性皮炎(AD)是一种慢性炎症性瘙痒性皮肤疾病。临床常用诊断标准有老年AD是一种以年龄为分类标准的新亚型。目前没有明确的诊断标准，老年特应性皮炎的皮肤表现1,2,3主要有以下几个方面：</p> <p>(A) 肘窝周围苔藓化湿疹，但肘窝几乎不受累；</p> <p>(B) 肘窝局限性苔藓化湿疹；</p> <p>(C) 颈部和上背部弥漫性苔藓化湿疹；</p> <p>(D) 面部湿疹性红斑(特应性红斑)，伴有Hertoghe征(侧眉消失)和Dennie-Morgan眶下褶</p> <p>(E) 颈部苔藓化湿疹</p> <p>(F) 躯干苔藓化/渗出性皮损</p> <p>(G) 四肢苔藓化伴/不伴瘙痒性丘疹和结节</p> <p> </p> <p class="article-img"> <img src="https://m.360buyimg.com/pop/jfs/t1/173486/38/38640/52405/64cf0023Ff7eb6ac5/61babf04067b6bc9.jpg" style="width: 100.0%;height: auto;" /></p> <p> </p> <p class="article-img"> <img src="https://m.360buyimg.com/pop/jfs/t1/203185/38/39435/61297/64cf000eFd7f80d15/e06e415b902df61a.jpg" style="width: 100.0%;height: auto;" /></p> <p>日本东京都老年病医院和老年病研究所的Ryoji Tanei教授在发表的文章中提出了老年AD的临床诊断要点：</p> <p>① 四肢部位的苔藓样湿疹是最重要的标志（老年AD患者可能存在肘窝及膝窝不受累）</p> <p>② 个人及家族特应性疾病史</p> <p>③ 血清总IgE和过敏原特异性IgE水平升高</p> <p>④ 病程超过6个月</p> <p>⑤ 具有标准化标准（如Hanifin和Rajka诊断标准）中AD的诊断特征</p> <p>⑥ 排除其他瘙痒性皮肤病</p> <p>⑦ 鉴 别诊断：与老年瘙痒性皮肤病及老年人非特 应 性湿疹</p> <p>所以，老年AD的诊断是需要符合AD表现且需要排除其他疾病的，存在若干诊断难点。如①老年人常有其他瘙痒性皮肤病。如： 乏脂性皮炎、钱币样皮炎、接触性皮炎、慢性痒疹、药物不良反应、疥疮、Ofuji丘疹性红皮病和皮肤T细胞淋巴瘤；②老年人常伴有其他合并症。老年人常合并高血压、心脑血管疾病、胃肠道疾病和糖尿病等，这些疾病可能因医疗条件和/或药物副作用引起瘙痒,使老年AD的诊断复杂化；③参与的免疫机制复杂、缺乏明确的临床、组织病理学和实验室诊断标志物等。</p> <p>       常见易与老年AD相混淆的皮炎湿疹类疾病的鉴别诊断</p> <p class="article-img"> <img src="https://m.360buyimg.com/pop/jfs/t1/218011/4/33019/97094/64cf0065Fe8a1a550/d373f24046dbfa7b.jpg" style="width: 100.0%;height: auto;" /></p> <p> </p>