科普|带状疱疹:世界上有一种痛,是会呼吸的痛
你也许早就听说过蛇缠腰、缠腰龙等。其实,这些说的都是带状疱疹,它是一种由水痘-带状疱疹病毒引起的感染性皮肤病。通常表现为身体单侧出现带状分布的皮疹,故名”带状疱疹。
一、关于“带状疱疹”这种皮肤病就是带状疱疹↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓
初次感染可引起水痘,当身体免疫力低下时,潜伏在背根神经节或颅神经节的“水痘-带状疱疹病毒”可再激活引起带状疱疹,临床表现为成群的簇状水疱,沿单侧周围神经呈带状分布。
99.5%的50岁及以上成人都感染过“水痘-带状疱疹病毒”,而这种病毒一经感染,就会终生携带。
典型症状除了身体单侧会出现成群的水疱,令人饱受皮疹之苦,还会导致灼烧、电击,刀刺般疼痛,急性期疼痛可能更甚于分娩阵痛、脊椎损伤、类风湿关节炎,慢性癌痛等。不论年龄、性别、部位,带状疱疹患者的共同感受就是疼痛难忍,疼痛程度已经严重影响到睡眠和生活质量。带状疱疹后遗神经痛(PHN)为带状疱疹最常见的并发症,30%至50%的带状疱疹后遗神经痛持续超过1年,部分病程可达10年或更长。
在出现疼痛的患者中,69.6%的患者为中至重度疼痛。大约10%-30%的带状疱疹患者会出现带状疱疹后神经痛,带状疱疹后神经痛的疼痛程度剧烈,且持续时间长,治疗不当可能伴随终身。这种疼痛可能会持续存在,长期的疼痛会严重干扰患者的日常生活,还可能会出现睡眠障碍、焦虑、抑郁等情况。带状神经痛时间越久,越难治愈。治疗上应争分夺秒。
二、带状疱疹的高发人群因为带状疱疹是由水痘-带状疱疹病毒”引起的,当水痘治好后,残留的病毒为了躲避免疫系统。悄咪咪躲进了你的感觉神经节里,一潜伏可能就是十几年,看似相安无事,其实病毒抑制在找机会。
比如你熬个夜,让免疫系统拉垮了,病毒可能就会卷土重来。
另外随着年龄的增大,到了五六十的年纪,抵抗力也出现了明显的下降,镇不住病毒,病毒也就会趁机冒出来了。
三、带状疱疹的治疗带状疱疹的治疗目标包括促进皮损消退,缓解疼痛,改善患者生活质量。
01抗病毒药物:是临床治疗带状疱疹的常用药物,能有效缩短病程,加速皮疹愈合,减少新发皮疹,阻断病毒播散。
02镇痛治疗:疼痛常贯穿带状疱疹疾病的全过程,建议对不同程度的疼痛选用不同的镇痛药物。对于严重疼痛以及药物治疗无效的患者,可尝试神经阻滞、脉冲射频治疗、神经电刺激等微创介入治疗。
03其他:糖皮质激素疗法、中医治疗、针灸治疗、局部物理治疗、局部外用药物治疗等均可酌情考虑。
04患病后及早就医及治疗,坚持正确的药物剂量和疗程,保持皮损清洁,避免继发细菌感染,适当休息,保证足够营养也不可忽视。
05多病共存的综合治疗:带状疱疹患者多同时并发有糖尿病、高血压等多种疾病,要同时控制好血压、血糖,治疗共存的基础病。
四、带状疱疹的预防
提高免疫力提高免疫力、增强体质是预防带状疱疹的关键。建议易感人群可从保证饮食均衡、适度运动锻炼、积极调整心态、保证充足睡眠等方面提高免疫力。
接种疫苗
接种疫苗是预防带状疱疹的有效方式。目前我国上市的重组带状疱疹疫苗,接种人群为50岁及以上人群,接种后保护效力高达90%以上,模型数据预测保护时长至少20年。最新研究数据显示,重组带状疱疹疫苗对中国50岁以上成人具有100%保护效力!
![任真玮头像](https://image.healthjd.com/da/s100x100_jfs/t1/156778/40/38841/14177/64dc6753Fb8782ee5/cc2c4175967b6f13.jpg)
![徐宏俊头像](https://image.healthjd.com/da/s100x100_jfs/t1/27983/39/17946/101156/62b912a4E93b5ff9e/9190aebb47ec1d7f.jpg)
![栾春娜头像](https://image.healthjd.com/da/s100x100_jfs/t1/102645/39/34881/21349/636f9aaaEcb8a3580/fac515b6983e9045.jpg)
![郭蛟头像](https://image.healthjd.com/da/s100x100_jfs/t1/238282/8/13070/27221/65e52a41Fccc33d4a/8b88bff8b8dbf8b7.jpg)
![黄玲娟头像](https://image.healthjd.com/da/s100x100_jfs/t1/190350/24/26648/70718/62b3c1b1Ece4cee3a/0f56501a9f2d2686.jpg)
![](https://storage.360buyimg.com/jdhhealth-public/laputa/ecf107fd-0a2f-4dfb-8681-590f62deed9a.png)
![“阳过”何时可以上班?一份“阳康”返岗指南请收好](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/122724/17/33698/94622/639c1b61E6a56e9a5/afcb653fc567a40d.jpg)
“阳过”何时可以上班?一份“阳康”返岗指南请收好
![京东健康](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/191562/21/17782/12127/61124c3eEcc43fd7d/853f1c8f76567691.jpg)
![医生:3招教你预防偏头疼](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/176363/13/11800/12455/60b0af47E20820f49/95ebc65e54c381a0.jpg)
医生:3招教你预防偏头疼
![李群生](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/142550/9/12494/54453/5f9a3549Eb48a6448/005d5813abd9bf6c.jpg)
![洗头后这个惯性动作,让头发的毛鳞片很“受伤”](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/210330/12/17162/102474/62076ce0E62f2ee3d/525dc98e7169d293.jpg)
洗头后这个惯性动作,让头发的毛鳞片很“受伤”
![京东健康](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/191562/21/17782/12127/61124c3eEcc43fd7d/853f1c8f76567691.jpg)
![牛皮癣患者在生活中不能吃那些什么食物 要注意些什么](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/136481/22/26390/22990/61c742d2E980f82df/45e5da0fe712770d.jpg)
牛皮癣患者在生活中不能吃那些什么食物 要注意些什么
![刘静平](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/155427/32/14429/32882/5ffe8d6bE20a75c4c/015fa117a3f32d05.jpg)
![水垢太多会得肾结石?其实肾结石是吃出来的](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/138605/14/16786/8830/5fc9b39bE41e3d0f9/a01913b660bf564b.jpg)
水垢太多会得肾结石?其实肾结石是吃出来的
![泌尿外科陆巍](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/144996/30/9162/73989/5f6c0babEe786cd82/78858484d9aca40a.jpg)
![吃了这么多年的葡萄干,没想到这么脏.....](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/131529/10/23788/87169/62189d24Eed3eb677/a151e7224dd50468.jpg)
吃了这么多年的葡萄干,没想到这么脏.....
![京东健康](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/191562/21/17782/12127/61124c3eEcc43fd7d/853f1c8f76567691.jpg)
![十块钱的钙片和一百块钱的钙片只差在品质?](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/120374/38/18193/26484/5fa9638bEe3561e46/bd5b58abda5c2ca4.jpg)
十块钱的钙片和一百块钱的钙片只差在品质?
![不药博士](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/116010/10/19029/28368/5f73df62Eafb00d19/202d66937e77f953.jpg)
![快来看!膝盖骨质增生用这些方法治疗](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/152347/14/13861/10993/5ffafcb5Eb941dd91/b427c3b5d9625fd1.jpg)
快来看!膝盖骨质增生用这些方法治疗
![骨科疾病知识](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/151775/14/9954/27531/5fd823b3E39ccbc15/acc3c93c4ee19fd2.jpg)
![尿液的颜色发红就是血尿吗?医生有话说](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/128399/2/17453/10640/5fa366d0Ec89a6187/68d186e207603d72.jpg)
尿液的颜色发红就是血尿吗?医生有话说
![梧桐健康](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/131941/29/14071/21716/5f9b9b07E17acef0f/4ce7d79ca4b2b0cb.jpg)
![老人5天未排便,竟是1种恶性肿瘤在作怪](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/130237/3/15329/18425/5fa900eeE9861174c/ed95750245c78089.jpg)
老人5天未排便,竟是1种恶性肿瘤在作怪
![王老师讲中医](http://image.healthjd.com/da/jfs/t1/149880/18/16802/73978/5fc8a674E2be3aed0/804718218225c0ae.jpg)
![疱疹怎样好得快](https://img14.360buyimg.com/imagetools/jfs/t1/188961/1/44914/13526/664df7c8F6e09623d/c595d1c86d9fda1a.jpg)
疱疹怎样好得快
![蛇盘疮是带状疱疹吗](https://img14.360buyimg.com/imagetools/jfs/t1/188961/1/44914/13526/664df7c8F6e09623d/c595d1c86d9fda1a.jpg)
蛇盘疮是带状疱疹吗
![老人带状疱疹传染吗](https://img14.360buyimg.com/imagetools/jfs/t1/188961/1/44914/13526/664df7c8F6e09623d/c595d1c86d9fda1a.jpg)
老人带状疱疹传染吗
![头皮带状疱疹怎么引起的](https://img14.360buyimg.com/imagetools/jfs/t1/188961/1/44914/13526/664df7c8F6e09623d/c595d1c86d9fda1a.jpg)
头皮带状疱疹怎么引起的
![带状疱疹是怎么引起的,怎样治疗才好](https://img14.360buyimg.com/imagetools/jfs/t1/188961/1/44914/13526/664df7c8F6e09623d/c595d1c86d9fda1a.jpg)
带状疱疹是怎么引起的,怎样治疗才好
![带状疱疹后遗神经痛症状诊断](https://img14.360buyimg.com/imagetools/jfs/t1/188961/1/44914/13526/664df7c8F6e09623d/c595d1c86d9fda1a.jpg)
带状疱疹后遗神经痛症状诊断
![身上出带状疱疹是什么原因](https://img14.360buyimg.com/imagetools/jfs/t1/188961/1/44914/13526/664df7c8F6e09623d/c595d1c86d9fda1a.jpg)
身上出带状疱疹是什么原因
![儿童疱疹传染吗](https://img14.360buyimg.com/imagetools/jfs/t1/188961/1/44914/13526/664df7c8F6e09623d/c595d1c86d9fda1a.jpg)
儿童疱疹传染吗
![肋间神经痛是怎么引起的](https://img14.360buyimg.com/imagetools/jfs/t1/188961/1/44914/13526/664df7c8F6e09623d/c595d1c86d9fda1a.jpg)
肋间神经痛是怎么引起的
![带状疱疹会传染吗](https://img14.360buyimg.com/imagetools/jfs/t1/188961/1/44914/13526/664df7c8F6e09623d/c595d1c86d9fda1a.jpg)
带状疱疹会传染吗
带状疱疹 患友问诊
![](http://image.healthjd.com/da/s100x100_jfs/t1/215325/35/16516/72685/62496f4dE2ed2670c/5e044262b036148b.jpg!q100)
![](http://image.healthjd.com/da/s100x100_jfs/t1/156656/27/27984/11762/61637160E8d9b3d0e/c604971c64da3072.jpg!q100)
![](http://image.healthjd.com/da/s100x100_jfs/t1/121800/30/19158/50933/5fb650d9E9084b90a/97f5e1d3b14c7f98.jpg!q100)
![](http://image.healthjd.com/da/s100x100_jfs/t1/194113/7/7371/45714/60c194b7E27d92470/e220af3c990db15e.jpg!q100)
![](http://image.healthjd.com/da/s100x100_jfs/t1/142544/11/16277/33147/5fc46533Ed4265339/1a9aa0b6b056b1ce.jpg!q100)
![](http://image.healthjd.com/da/s100x100_jfs/t1/108817/20/22575/56089/6211fd52E1caf0a06/963a6d8aff00aae8.jpg!q100)
![](http://image.healthjd.com/da/s100x100_jfs/t13807/53/2506634796/57109/675e6a3a/5a41b8a8Ndb3692c4.jpg!q100)
![](http://image.healthjd.com/da/s100x100_jfs/t1/166393/25/13243/55736/60568f66Eb9e67464/0302b1fab868d77f.jpg!q100)
![](http://image.healthjd.com/da/s100x100_jfs/t1/192629/37/14418/90131/60f96e39Eca5ea554/79d9013af0754fc3.jpg!q100)
![](http://image.healthjd.com/da/s100x100_jfs/t1/185304/36/13814/53990/60eb9bebEaf20db54/b25573ecdaa98f4b.jpg!q100)
![广告图片](https://storage.360buyimg.com/jdhhealth-public/laputa/3091b328-e8b4-4082-9175-02332118d2ff.png)
![关闭icon](https://storage.360buyimg.com/jdhhealth-public/laputa/d44c4b5b-8206-45b2-85e6-12408f369b3e.png)