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跟腱滑囊炎

跟腱滑囊炎

别名:跟腱周围炎,后跟滑囊炎

就诊科室:

骨科

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跟腱滑囊炎概述
  • 由于滑囊长期挤压、摩擦导致跟腱滑囊出现炎症反应
  • 症状有局部肿胀发红、疼痛、肿块波动感等
  • 以保守药物治疗为主,多可治愈,必要时需要手术

简介

跟腱滑囊炎又称跟腱周围炎、后跟滑囊炎,是比较常见的一种滑囊炎,运动量较大的人群特别是运动员(田径及球类)更易发生本病。跟腱止点的前后部和前下部各有微小的滑囊,跟腱滑囊炎指上述滑囊积液、肿胀和发生炎性反应。本病的病因是滑囊长期挤压、摩擦,如鞋太紧,跟后帮太硬等,造成跟部磨损引起滑囊炎。患者出现滑囊发炎时,主要表现为足跟局部肿胀发红、疼痛、有积液或化脓时可有波动感等典型症状。治疗上常采用保守疗法,包括药物治疗、物理治疗等,如鞋底后跟垫厚垫使足跟抬高以减少磨损,当合并保守治疗效果不好时可进行手术治疗。经及时积极治疗后,大部分患者可以治愈,预后较好。不积极治疗会因长期持续压迫、摩擦,引起跟腱及滑囊充血、水肿、浆液性渗出,可出现纤维性增生、粘连、囊壁增厚,跟腱周围粘连等症状[1,2,3]

症状表现[1,2]:

跟腱滑囊炎典型临床症状为滑囊炎,足跟局部肿胀发红、疼痛,有积液或化脓时可有波动感。

诊断依据[2,3]:

经X线检查,早期摄片多无异常,部分患者踝关节侧位片,上可见后方的透亮三角区模糊或消失,病程长而影响行走者,可见局部脱钙、骨质增生表现。结合足跟部影像学检查,出现局部发红、肿胀、疼痛等表现,即可确诊。

跟腱滑囊炎有哪些类型[2]?

跟腱滑囊炎从病理上可分为外伤性、感染性和慢性劳损性三种:

1.外伤性跟腱滑囊炎

2.感染性跟腱滑囊炎

3.慢性劳损性滑囊炎

是否具有传染性?

否。

是否常见[1]

本病临床常见,尚无具体流行病学数据。

是否可以治愈[1,2]?

可以治愈。大部分患者通过药物保守治疗或手术治疗,都能够得到很好的治疗效果。不积极治疗会因长期持续压迫、摩擦,引起跟腱及滑囊充血、水肿、浆液性渗出,可出现纤维性增生、粘连、囊壁增厚,跟腱周围粘连等症状,影响患者日常活动。

是否遗传?

否。

是否医保范围?

是。

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